Exercise physiologists (EPs) are not "personal trainers", but university-trained experts in exercise therapy/rehabilitation designed to prevent or manage chronic disease, injury and disability. Their clients include those with diabetes and pre-diabetes, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, osteoporosis, metabolic syndrome (Syndrome X), obesity and hypertension, musculoskeletal injuries, depression and immunological disorders.

EPs often work with general practitioners, developing physical activity programs that can be done at home or in the community. This involves tailoring exercises that are specific to a client's health condition. EPs also use counselling and motivational strategies to ensure the client makes a long-term commitment to regular exercise.